• Spoiler alert; it's so much more than you think. I was taking what I thought was a lot, but it turned out my body was just burning at a higher rate than what I expected. The fix was actually pretty simple once I figured out what sat well during a race. I was able to make adjustments like sipping on a carbohydrate drink before the start, adding an extra gel, and carb-loading an extra day ahead of the race. Things like juice and gummy candy (who knew) were my secret weapons when I got sick of white rice.

• This one is tricky. It's important to stay in my scope of practice, but I found supplements that were non-negotiable for me. They may be for you too! Iron is a big one, and I think absorption tends to complicate it. Ultimately, it was important for me to take daily and with the right foods/liquids. I found pill form and night time yielded the best absorption for me. Vitamin D is also crucial, and my levels were surprisingly low for the amount of sunshine I got training. Bone health isn't something to mess with in running. The key here was finding a quality high dose supplement, and not your average grocery store brand. Finally, I added in fish oil and curcumin after learning this was really beneficial for the kinds of stress runners experience. Take all of this with a grain of salt (or electrolyte). NOTE:  Both Iron and Vitamin D are not water soluble and should only be taken under the guidance of a Medical Professional.

• I was eating a lot, but not eating often. Snacks are back! I found that I was struggling on my doubles (running 2x/day) because I wasn't necessarily under fueled, but rather lacking quick energy because it had been so long since I last ate. Sometimes you just aren't hungry, and that's where the right foods come into play. Once I found the right snack, I was able to power through my second run rather than slog through junk miles.

• Take what you're drinking during the day, and double it (well kind of). I was not drinking enough, and it was showing. Coffee is my weakness, and if I could just drink that during the day I would. However, it wasn't setting me up for feeling good in warm weather training/racing. Even in the cooler months it's helpful, as we just aren't that thirsty. Once being assigned a higher intake, I went to the store and bought that giant bottle with the time stamps. I didn't care how I looked. I was hydrated and energized. It goes without saying, but throw in electrolytes ahead of training if you can.

• When in doubt, go to your primary care doctor! They can order labs for you to figure out why you might be feeling off (or injured). I try to get my usual levels tested after each season so that I know what I need to work on. Training is stress and then adaptation, and so these values will change naturally. The body is amazing this way! These tips helped me take my health to the next level. Taking control of your nutrition can be fun (and should be easily accessible). I know when I got it right it became like my own superpower. I hope these ideas help you too!

Written by Coach Alex

The early mornings, long workouts and countless miles are the engines that drive an athlete from the start to the finish line, but how do you fuel for the big day?

My name is Rosie Edwards. I am a professional marathoner from Great Britain and running coach.

Recently, I had a fascinating conversation with a professional cycling coach. I was wanted to learn about the elite cycling world and their training. He emphasized that attention to recovery was paramount compared to the training itself.

I intuitively knew that nutrition and hydration are vital for not only competition, but for recovery into the next training session. Training at its simplest is stress, response, and adaptation. Appropriate hydration and nutrition (ie. Fueling) is paramount for the optimal response = improved fitness.

Glycogen (our body’s form of carbohydrate) is the main energy for our working muscles while it also assists in fat metabolism. In addition, glucose is the primary fuel for the brain. If the body is glycogen depleted then this can lead to physical (decreased force production, increased soreness, increased muscle weakness) and cognitive impairment.

Picture the last 10 km of a marathon when it is “go” time. If your cognitive function is impaired and your glycogen stores are depleted, responding to your competition's moves and staying engaged will certainly become a challenge.

How does fueling look for me?

Before the race and within training:

I aim for 7-10 g of carbohydrate/kg/day when in peak training. I lean towards low glycemic index or GI (slow release) carbohydrates including whole grains, fruits, vegetables, sweet potatoes, and lots of oats. Low GI is my preferred choice for preparation to avoid spiking my insulin levels too drastically. However, on race day or while training, high GI is preferred for fast energy.

On my heavier training days where the marathon workouts are longer and I have an additional strength session, I will be on the upper end of consumption in order to enhance recovery. On a lighter day that does not precede a hard workout, I will aim for 7 g/kg alongside 1-1.6g/kg of protein and healthy fats.

For those who train at altitude full-time or intermittently, protein is especially important as it aids in the formation of red blood cells. When training at higher elevations for a prolonged period of time or for Sunday long runs 2g/kg per day may be beneficial.

My pre-race my routine does not alter too much:

I will try to ingest the upper limit of carbohydrates before a race. I like to take some of this in the form of a fruit juice or sports drinks rather than heavy carbohydrate-dense foods.  I always consume a protein and healthy fat included the night before. Race morning is simple: oats and honey.

I have been lucky enough to work with Nuun Hydration for the last 18 months. This has been a game-changer. I hyper-hydrate 2 hours prior to my marathon by drinking 2-3 tabs in 20fl Oz of water to ensure that my electrolytes are topped up before the start. Hyper-hydration is not something I would practice daily but before a particularly hot or long workout, I will.

When deciding how many carbohydrates to take in during the race I used a breath analysis test at LEOMO to measure carbohydrate oxidation. This occurs when we burn carbohydrate for fuel.

During the race, I take 48 g of carbohydrates per hour in the form of Nuun Endurance which I mix with 24 oz of water. I aim to consume fluids ~5 km (~20 mins). This setup provides me with a perfect blend of fast-release energy and hydration in addition to topping off my electrolytes in order to eliminate the risk of cramps. I make sure to practice every new fueling strategy in each marathon buildup multiple times before race day.  Our team is notorious for placing random tables around the Boulder reservoir to practice our bottle pick up and fueling. Sorry if we’ve ever blocked your car!

After the race:

Ahhh! The time we can enjoy all the foods we have missed.

Personally, I struggle for many hours after a race or hard session to ingest solid food so I always opt for a smoothie. I blend 25 g of protein powder, almond milk, spinach, frozen berries, and a banana and aim to drink it as quickly as I can. Adding a frozen component can help to decrease your core temperature and aid recovery. This provides me with 50 g of carbohydrate and 25 g of protein (2:1 ratio) immediately. I then aim to eat a good source of antioxidants, fat, and protein to decrease inflammation within an hour.  Avocado, spinach, and eggs on toast was made for this.

In addition to quantity, the most important piece is figuring out which fuel will elicit the best response from your body. More carbohydrates can be digested when glucose and fructose are ingested together because they are absorbed via different routes in the intestine. However, some people have difficulty absorbing fructose. Like many ingredients in a sports drink fructose is a simple sugar known as a monosaccharide. However, if the cells on the surface of your intestines are unable to break down the fructose efficiently malabsorption occurs. Not only will your body struggle to absorb it efficiently, but you may also experience the dreaded “tempo tummy”. Nausea and headaches can also ensue. Surprisingly it affects 1 in 3 people.

If you have experienced any of these issues during training or racing it may be advisable to try some products which do not contain fructose.  Nuun Endurance is a non-fructose based equivalent. It’s very much a case of trial and error but beginning an informed self-study from day one of your build-up will give you the best shot of reaching the finish line feeling great.

For more info, please don’t hesitate to reach out: rosie@runcoach.com. Happy fueling!